Remedies to address the global tax imbalance proposed.
MONTREAL – Airports Council International (ACI) World has published a policy brief calling for an end to the economically inefficient and discriminatory taxation of aviation which is hampering the industry’s recovery from COVID-19.
The new publication, Policy Brief: Taxation of international air transport and airports – Economic benefits and costs, explores – and provides potential remedies to – the imbalance between the current tax burden and the foregone global GDP impacts and missed jobs. It also calls upon governments to follow the International Civil Aviation Organization’s (ICAO) Policies on Taxation in the Field of Air Transport (Doc 8632).
Aviation is one of the most strategically important sectors for national and global economies, generating 11.3 million direct aviation and 87.7 million jobs indirect jobs. The global aviation industry generates approximately 4.1% of the global gross domestic product (GDP) as aviation jobs, on average, are 4.3 times more productive than jobs in other sectors.
However, despite its notable economic contribution, aviation is heavily taxed. Airport operators alone directly pay more than $10 billion (figures in US Dollars) in taxes at the global level, which represents around 7.6% of total airport costs. When adding taxes paid by other air transport parties and levied from air passengers on air tickets, the estimated revenue from taxes rises to $90 billion globally. Assuming traffic volumes as of 2019, the removal of the tax burden on aviation would have resulted in:
- more than 750 million incremental passengers
- 2 million direct aviation and aviation-related jobs, and
- $93 billion in direct GDP.
The total macroeconomic impact of removing the tax burden on aviation increases to a total of 5.2 million jobs and over $180 billion in global GDP.
Many of the existing passenger-based taxes are also economically inefficient; the same tax revenue could be raised by different means without suppressing air travel and the economic benefits arising from it.
“The impact of inefficient and ineffective taxes has been made abundantly clear throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, where industries that rely on aviation have been seriously affected by the loss of air services globally,” ACI World Director General Luis Felipe de Oliveira said.
“Complicated tax regimes across different jurisdictions make it difficult to adequately price air services, are difficult for consumers to understand, and distort real competition in air transport. Tax relief, efficient and transparent tax regimes will support industry recovery and, in parallel, the recovery of the economies we serve.”
“To help simplify the situation for all parties and to support the recovery of aviation following the impact of COVID-19, ACI World is calling for fair, transparent and non-discriminatory aviation taxes. The existing ICAO guidance on taxation as formulated in Doc 8632 is relevant and responsive in this regard. This will help to ensure that the economic and social benefits that airports provide to the local, national, and regional communities they serve can be realized and maximized.”
ACI World has put forward several remedies to address this imbalance and to recognize the importance of aviation to the general economy when considering tax policy:
- there should be a non-discriminatory application of taxation and no taxes should be imposed solely on aviation
- taxes should be simple to implement and easy to understand; there is confusion between the terms “airport charges” and “taxes” when applied to levies on air tickets – a confusion aggravated by intentional confounding of the two terms by some
- taxes should never be designed to enable taxation of another tax which magnifies the economic disincentives of air travel
- taxes should be substantiated with cost-benefit analysis considering wider economic benefits and not designed simply to boost governments’ consolidated revenue.
Vicky is the co-founder of TravelDailyNews Media Network where she is the Editor-in Chief. She is also responsible for the daily operation and the financial policy. She holds a Bachelor's degree in Tourism Business Administration from the Technical University of Athens and a Master in Business Administration (MBA) from the University of Wales.
She has many years of both academic and industrial experience within the travel industry. She has written/edited numerous articles in various tourism magazines.
